Updating of the Takayanagi model, allowing one to analyze uniaxial stress state of the dispersed-filled composite in the conditions of the nonlinear deformation caused by hyperelasticity or a plastic flow is proposed. Variants of model for spherical and cubic reinforcing inclusions are considered. In particular, calculation dependences of axial pressure on longitudinal deformation for polymethylmethacrylate, filled with particles of aluminum oxide have been obtained, at temperature 180oC and carbon-reinforced plastic based on polytetrafluorethylene at temperature 20oC. Results of modeling are compared with experimental curves of a stretching and compression