A numerical study of the deformation and fracture meso volume of the composite material on a metal base. Hierarchical modeling means 1) an explicit account of the internal structure of the composite, as the possibility of introduction of the scale factor, 2) the introduction of various models describing the mechanical behavior of the plastic matrix and brittle ceramic inclusions, making it possible to describe the various physical processes and their interaction, namely plastic flow, taking into account work hardening and destruction. Failure criterion type Huber considers the differences in the critical values for different types of local states – stretching and compression. It is shown that the complex mechanical behavior of the composite as a whole mesovolume controlled by interrelated processes of formation of localized shear bands in the matrix cracking and inclusions. It is found that even under external uniaxial compression in the composite material may experience local area stretching the stresses which are important: about 30% of the compressive load to the test structure type. It is shown that a slight modification of the criteria of highest intensity of tangential stresses applied to structurally heterogeneous environment can properly describe the direction of propagation of cracks in the separation for different ways of loading (tension, compression).