Study the electrical properties and processes of structure formation of compositions based on polymers with dispersed nature of the carbon filler to extend the range of formulations of conductive polymer composites with positive temperature coefficient, providing the temperature of self-regulation to 110°C and resistivity from 10-2 to 102 ohm·m. It is shown that for carbonaceous polymer-based composite materials as thermoplastics and rubber compounds there is a threshold concentration of filler, which yields a continuous spatial grid of conductive filler particles. Positive thermal coefficient of resistance provided by thermal expansion of polymer matrix and the nature of the interaction of particles of the matrix and filler.