Space craft and high-altitude aircraft systems, transport machine parts (and nodes) work in the conditions of normal and deep cooling. Therefore constructional materials used for their fabrication should to ensure reliable work of apparatus, machines and mechanisms in given temperature regimes. This study is aimed to study influence of temperature on mechanical properties of carbon plastics based in epoxy powder compositions, which are modified by nanoparticles with various morphology and structure. Silicate nanoparticles of montmorillonite and halloysite, carbon nanofibers and nanocones were used as nanocontainers as the epoxy binders. The preparation of the nanomodified binder was carried out by extruding nanoparticles in the melt of an epoxy oligomer. Carbon plastics were produced from prepregs formulated on the basis of nanomodified binder and carbon fabric by electrostatic spraying. The formulated samples of carbon plastics were tested for interlayer fracture toughness and bending strength at room temperature and in cryogenic conditions (-50C). According to the testing results it was found that the silicate and carbon nanoparticles have a different character of interaction with the polymer matrix, which, accordingly, affects the mechanical properties of the carbon plastics. Thus, the addition of 1% of carbon nanofiber and 1% of carbon nanocones in epoxy oligomer increases fracture resistance at room temperature by 62% and 33% respectively and in cryogenic conditions (-50C) – by 66% and 24%, respectively. This is due to the fact that part of the binding energy of the binder in the carbon plastic is expended on the removal of particles from the matrix volume because of weak adhesive interaction with polymer.